ANALYSIS OF INFANT MORTALITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE IN NIGERIA (1999-2018)

ANALYSIS OF INFANT MORTALITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURE IN NIGERIA (1999-2018)

EXCERPT FROM THE STUDY

Globally, the number of deaths among children under age five has fallen from 12.4 million in 1990 to 8.1 million in 2009 (UNICEF, 2010). This implies that in 2009 more than 22,000 children under five died each day -12,000 fewer than in 1990. All regions except sub- Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and Oceania recorded reductions of at least 50 percent (WHO, 2008). According to United Nations (2001) estimates, the overall infant and under-five mortality rates for the West African sub-region for the period 1995-2000 were 96 and 163 per 1,000 respectively. These childhood mortality rates are relatively high compared with those of the other major world regions such as Asia, Latin America and Europe. Ten percent of children born in West Africa die before their first birthday as compared with 6 percent in Asia, 4 percent in Latin America and 1 percent in Europe. In their study of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the development countries, WHO (1998) suggest that malnutrition is associated with more than 50% of all child deaths; that malaria causes over 600,000 child death every year, measles is responsible for 800,000 deaths while vitamin A deficiency is also a major cause of child death as it contributes more than 20% of deaths.

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